New system of Units (SI)
New system of Units (SI)
Bessonov E., Dr.Sci.Tech.
Within the last centuries of scientists of the different countries of the world great opening in various directions of a science were made. By present time in the physics the set of laws, dependences and constants which can be designated nominal symbols and dimension has collected. Attempts of scientists to classify and systematize so a significant amount of physical sizes have not brought desirable result. Offered systems of physical sizes appeared or too complex for understanding, or the area of their application in relation to sizes has been rather limited. Therefore till now to present scientific community system of physical sizes in the accessible and evident form, like the table of the periodic law of chemical elements of D.I.Mendeleeva, yet it was not possible to anybody.
As a result of carrying out of some researches the author of given article has come to conclusion, that the given problem can be solved if to be based on structural "related" interrelations between sizes of sections of physics, on "hierarchical" distribution which, the weight of this or that size influences.
Such method of distribution has allowed to classify sizes on groups and subgroups and to create logic system of physical sizes on the basis of the international SI [1-5].
Physical sizes have been classified by the author on following groups: I - mechanical and existential; II - physical and chemical, thermal physical and temperature; III - light, acoustic, ionizing and nuclear; IV-electric and magnetic sizes.
Groups I-IV have been divided, on influence of weight on sizes, on subgroups: a - massive; b - not massive; with - counter-massive; d - not massive slender sizes.
Distinction of numerical values in exponents of physical units have laid down in a basis of idea of creation of three-dimensional system, on orthogonal axes which, units are located as follows. On axis X: candela (J), kg (), meter (L); on axis Y: a radian (R) *, ampere (A), second (T); on axis Z: steradian (S) **, mol (N), kelyin (K) (fig. 1).
For representation of system in the form of the table, numbers of exponents of physical units from an axis of abscissas have been carried to the numbered columns, from an axis of ordinates in the numbered lines, and from an axis applicate in the levels of a prefix numbered by the Roman figures I-IX to the table simulating axis Z.
*, ** - additional units a radian and стерадиан in system of SI have no dimension, therefore, for convenience of work with units of again created system, the author the decision to give to a radian dimension R, and steradian dimension S was accepted.
And physical units with a smaller variation of numbers in exponents are located from the external party of a cap of the table (J, R, S), and with the greatest variation from the inside (L, T,). Accordingly intermediate value in a cap of the table was occupied with units M, And, N.
From nine levels of the created system the core is the level IV as he contains the most widespread units (kg, meter, second, ampere, and also candela and a radian) and on him settle down more than 80 % of all physical sizes known to a science. The sizes containing units steradian (S), mol (N) and kelyin (K) depending on parameters of their degree are at levels I-III, V-IX and are displayed at a level of IV table only in the form of projections (fig. 1). These are such sizes, as: kg/mol; К/m; lx·s and others.
At entering into three-dimensional system of all physical sizes known to a modern science (including sizes with fractional exponents of a degree) the table can appear rather bulky, therefore is expedient use in practice some variants of tables of system:
- The compact table (the variant is shown in given article) - for pre-University education and the general education, it contains only those physical sizes which are applied in general educational curriculums;
- The unwrapped table - for higher education, is used in curriculums of the supreme technical educational institutions;
- The full table - for scientists and experts of the research centers, is used as the help documentation.
- The specialized table of multilayered logic system SI [5].
The offered system allows to inform each physical size the scientifically-significant information on: the name *; a designation (symbol); the formula of dimension **; the attitude of size to this or that physical group; influence on size of weight (subgroup); coordination number in the table. Among them the major element of the information is the formula of dimension - full dimension of size as she shows the attitude and a degree of interrelation of physical units among themselves.
The three-dimensional system of physical SI of sizes differs the universality. She is capable to extend at input in the table of new sizes, to contain dimensionless sizes (the cells designated римск. In figures I-IV) and sizes with fractional exponents of a degree (in the table are not shown), and her design, principles and a method of construction can be used at creation of similar logic systems. Design features of system allows to make the table unwrapped or on the contrary curtailed compact (for example, for her printing on a paper of a standard book format). The system considerably facilitates search of demanded physical sizes in the occupied cells of the table, and empty cells wait for the hour for filling in their new physical sizes which for the present have been not opened by a science.
*, **-as such elements of the information as the name and the formula of dimension of physical sizes take a lot of place in a cell for preservation of compactness of the table they to contain in the special supplement.
The literature:
1. Bessonov E.A. Logic system of Units. The Internet magazine SCI-ARTICLE.RU. № 15. 2014. С.95-102. http://sci-article.ru
2. Bessonov E.A. Table "Mendeleyev" for physicists. Electronic magazine « the GROUND. CHRONICLES of the LIFE ». On November, 17th 2014. <http://earth-chronicles.ru/news/2014-11-17-73422>
3. Bessonov, E. Trehmernaja system of units SI // Scientific and technical magazine « Legislative and applied metrology ». - Moscow, - 2015. - №2 (137). - С.22-33.cloud.mail.ru/public/Bdv9/pdWSQXn53
4. Bessonov E. Multilayered system of units SI. Publishing house LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. Germany. April, 2015 the Site of publishing house: www.lap-publishing.com
5. The specialized table of multilayered logic system SI // Bessonov E. https://cloud.mail.ru/public/LjmW/3zSknHQTw
